.gitignore usage

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.gitignore file let one config what files should not be included in the git repository. In the following is the way to write git commit.

  • .gitignore files will be included in the git repository
  • you can have .gitignore files anywhere in the project, not only in the root directory
  • if a file is already tracked, it will not be ignored. Use git rm --cached to remove it from the staging area
  • each line indicates a ignore pattern, empty lines and lines starting with # (comments) are ignored. Patterns in later lines will override earlier ones if they have a conflict. Patterns will be matched recursively for all the files and folders under the .gitignore directory
  • patterns

    • filename: ignore all files or folders with the name filename

    • filename/: ignore folders with the name filename

    • !filename: do not ignore files or folders with the name filename

      An application of this is to ignore files but exclude folders

      1
      2
      filename
      !filename/
  • wildcards
    • *: matches multiple characters
    • **: matches multiple characters and subfolders
    • ?: matches a single character
    • [xxx]: matches a single character in the set xxx

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